Analisis Kepuasan Kerja dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kinerja Guru dan Tenaga Kependidikan di Sekolah Swasta

Liah Siti Syarifah; Widia Murni Wijaya; Aip Syaepul Uyun; Leili Agustina Syadiah; Taufani Chusnul Kurniatun

doi:10.21831/jamp.v13i1.84653

Analisis Kepuasan Kerja dalam Upaya Peningkatan Kinerja Guru dan Tenaga Kependidikan di Sekolah Swasta

Liah Siti Syarifah, Institut KH Ahmad Sanusi Sukabumi, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, Indonesia
Widia Murni Wijaya, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia & Indiana University, Bloomington, United States, Indonesia
Aip Syaepul Uyun, Ma'some University Indonesia, Indonesia
Leili Agustina Syadiah, Institut Agama Islam Persis Garut, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, Indonesia
Taufani Chusnul Kurniatun, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, Indonesia

10.21831/jamp.v13i1.84653

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepuasan kerja dalam upaya meningkatkan kinerja pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan di sekolah swasta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran sekuensial (Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods), yang terdiri dari dua fase. Pada fase kuantitatif, data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang diadaptasi dari Job Description Index (JDI) dan dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk mengetahui distribusi tingkat kepuasan pegawai terhadap sistem pengelolaan institusi. Pada fase kualitatif, digunakan metode deskriptif analitik dengan triangulasi data untuk memperdalam pemahaman tentang faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden merasa puas dengan kondisi pekerjaan umum (93,9%) dan rekan kerja (95,8%). Namun, terdapat ketidakpuasan yang signifikan pada faktor pendapatan dan kompensasi (46,2% kurang puas) serta peluang naik jabatan (28,6% kurang puas). Tingkat kepuasan pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan di sekolah swasta ini adalah 63,9%, yang termasuk dalam kategori memuaskan. Berdasarkan temuan ini, disarankan agar sekolah memperbaiki transparansi sistem promosi dan peningkatan kompensasi untuk meningkatkan kepuasan kerja dan kinerja pegawai.

Keywords

Daya saing sekolah; Guru dan staf pendidikan; Jenjang karier; Kepuasan kerja; Kinerja karyawan; Sekolah swasta.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abdullah, Z., & Hui, J. (2014). The relationship between communication satisfaction and teachers’ job satisfaction in Malaysian primary school. Asian Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2(2), 58-71.

Abun, Damianus & Basilio, Gladys Jean Q. (2023). The effect of workplace relationship on job satisfaction of employees: School context. International Journal of Management and Humanities, 2(1), 227–242.

Aldridge, J. M., & Fraser, B. J. (2016). Teachers' views of their school climate and its relationship with teacher self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Learning Environments Research, 19(2), 291-307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-015-9198-x

Antara. (2015). Sejumlah sekolah swasta di Siantar terancam tutup. Berita Satu. https://www.beritasatu.com/nasional/257253-sejumlah-sekolah-swasta-di-siantar-terancam-tutup, diakses 27 Agustus 2024.

Aziedjo, Albert. (2024). The impact of career development on employee engagement and retention. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Research, 12(2), 1776–1784. https://doi.org/10.53075/Ijmsirq/098353534453453

Anoum, P., Arifa, F., & May, C. (2022). Strategies to increase the motivation of Tahfidz Al-Quran. Journal International Inspire Education Technology, 1(2), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.55849/jiiet.v1i2.88.

Bali Tribune. (2016). Jelang tahun ajaran baru banyak sekolah swasta di Karangasem terancam gulung tikar. Retrieved from https://balitribune.co.id/content/jelang-tahun-ajaran-baru-banyak-sekolah-swasta-di-karangasem-terancam-gulung-tikar, accessed 23 October 2017.

Bayram, H., & Dinc, S. (2015). Role of transformational leadership on employee’s job satisfaction: A case of private universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. European Researcher, 93(4), 270–281.

Bercu, A. M. (2017). Impact of employees’ training programmes on job satisfaction. Current Science, 112(7), 1340–1345.

Berger, D., Brügmann, G., & Pernicka, E. (2019). On smelting cassiterite in geological and archaeological samples: Preparation and implications for provenance studies on metal artefacts with tin isotopes. Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences, 11(1), 293–319. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-017-0544-z

Binnewies, C., & Gromer, M. (2012). Creativity and innovation at work: The role of work characteristics and personal initiative. Psicothema, 24(1), 100-105. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01422-000

Boon, C., Eckardt, R., Lepak, D. P., & Boselie, P. (2018). Integrating strategic human capital and strategic human resource management. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 29(1), 34-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2017.1380063

Brundrett, M., & Rhodes, C. P. (2014). Researching educational leadership and management. London: SAGE Publications.

Caniago, Aspizain & Rustanto, Agung Edi. (2022). The effect of career development on employee performance (case study at CV Anggara Prima). Majalah Ilmiah Bijak, 19(2), 222-229.

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.

Collie, R. J., Shapka, J. D., Perry, N. E., & Martin, A. J. (2016). Teachers' psychological functioning in the workplace: Exploring the roles of contextual beliefs, need satisfaction, and personal characteristics. Journal of Educational Psychology, 108(6), 788-799. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000088

Darling-Hammond, L., Flook, L., Cook-Harvey, C., Barron, B., & Osher, D. (2020). Implications for educational practice of the science of learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 24(2), 97-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2018.1537791

Darling-Hammond, L., Hyler, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Effective teacher professional development. Learning Policy Institute. https://doi.org/10.54300/122.311

Durksen, T. L., Klassen, R. M., & Daniels, L. M. (2017). Motivation and collaboration: The keys to a developmental framework for teachers' professional learning. Teaching and Teacher Education, 67, 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2017.05.011

Epple, D., & Romano, R. E. (1998). Competition between private and public schools, vouchers, and peer-group effects. The American Economic Review, 88(1), 33–62. http://www.jstor.org/stable/116817

Eskildsen, J. K., & Dahlgaard, J. J. (2000). A causal model for employee satisfaction. Total Quality Management, 11(8), 1081–1094.

Geiger, T., & Pivovarova, M. (2018). The effects of working conditions on teacher retention. Teachers and Teaching, 24(6), 604-625. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2018.1457524

Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (2017). Discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Routledge.

Gustiah, Indira Puspa., Saluy, Ahmad Badawi., Kasmir, Kasmir & Nawangsari, Lenny C. (2024). Effect of career path on organizational sustainability through innovative work behavior. Jurnal Doktor Manajemen, 7(1), 66-77.

Han, J., & Yin, H. (2021). Teacher motivation: Definition, research development and implications for teachers. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1869379. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2020.1869379

Hasibuan, M., Nurmisdaramayani, & Zaki, A. (2023). Sosialisasi manajemen pengembangan karir profesi guru di era Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di Sekolah SMA Daruss’adah Pangkalan Susu. FUSION: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 02(1), 53–60

Jubelina, & Supramono. (2013). Strategi bersaing sekolah Kristen Lentera Ambarawa. Satya Widya, 29(2), 73–82

Kettapan, K., Suphattanakul, O., Sui, J. M., & Hussain, S. (2022). Structure equation model of causal factors affecting employees’ performance in modern trade organization. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 17(4), 1141–1146. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170411

Khan, A. A., Abbasi, S. O. B. H., Waseem, R. M., & Moazzam Ijaz, M. A. (2016). Impact of training and development of employees on employee performance through job satisfaction: A study of telecom sector of Pakistan. Business Management and Strategy, 7(1), 29–46

Klassen, R. M., & Chiu, M. M. (2010). Effects on teachers' self-efficacy and job satisfaction: Teacher gender, years of experience, and job stress. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(3), 741–756. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019237

Kraft, M. A., Blazar, D., & Hogan, D. (2018). The effect of teacher coaching on instruction and achievement: A meta-analysis of the causal evidence. Review of Educational Research, 88(4), 547–588. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654318759268

Lubienski, C., & Lee, J. (2016). Competitive incentives and the education market: How charter schools define themselves in metropolitan Detroit. Peabody Journal of Education, 91(1), 64–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/0161956X.2016.1119582

Malinen, O. P., & Savolainen, H. (2016). The effect of perceived school climate and teacher efficacy in behavior management on job satisfaction and burnout: A longitudinal study. Teaching and Teacher Education, 60, 144–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2016.08.012

Martono, N., Puspitasari, E., & Wardiyono, F. X. (2020). Strategi bertahan SMA swasta pilihan kedua menghadapi kompetisi dalam pendidikan. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 5(1), 1–12.

Mentari Groups. (2023). Persaingan sekolah swasta di Indonesia semakin ketat! Lantas, apa yang harus dilakukan oleh sekolah dan guru? Diakses pada 17 Juni 2024, dari https://mentarigroups.com/blog/persaingan-sekolah-swasta-di-indonesia-semakin-ketat-lantas-apa-yang-harus-dilakukan-oleh-sekolah-dan-guru/

Moeheriono, M. (2014). Pengukuran kinerja berbasis kompetensi. PT Rajawali Persada.

Paparang, N. C. P. (2021). Pengaruh kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai kantor PT. Post Indonesia di Manado Product, 2(2), 119–123.

Priansa, J., & Donni. (2014). Perencanaan dan pengembangan SDM. Alfabeta.

Rahman, A., & Syahrizal, S. (2019). Effect of compensation and career development on turnover intention: Job satisfaction as a mediation variable. International Conference on Education, Economics, Business and Accounting (PICEEBA-2 2018). https://doi.org/10.2991/piceeba2-18.2019.25

Runhaar, P. (2017). How can schools and teachers benefit from human resources management? Conceptualizing HRM from content and process perspectives. Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 45(4), 639–656. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143215623786

Santhosa, I. G. J. (2015). Tak kebagian siswa, SMA PGRI di Bali ini pilih tutup. Tribun Bali.

Schleicher, A. (2018). Valuing our teachers and raising their status: How communities can help. In International Summit on the Teaching Profession. OECD Publishing.

Sims, S., & Fletcher-Wood, H. (2021). Identifying the characteristics of effective teacher professional development: A critical review. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 32(1), 47–63. https://doi.org/10.1080/09243453.2020.1772841

Sofyan, S., Surati, S., & Hermanto, H. (2021). Effect of competence, career development, and compensation on organizational commitments: A case study on Samsat on Lombok Island. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 8, 231–240.

Suryawati, E., Mardiyono, A., Sutrisno, & Dewi, R. K. (2020). The effect of organizational culture, management policy, and management support on job satisfaction of teachers in private schools. Journal of Educational Science, 4(2), 246–253.

Tampubolon, H. A. (2023). Pendayagunaan kepuasan dan suasana kerja dalam peningkatan daya saing sekolah swasta. Jurnal Simki Pedagogia, 6(1), 277–285.

Toropova, A., Myrberg, E., & Johansson, S. (2021). Teacher job satisfaction: The importance of school working conditions and teacher characteristics. Educational Review, 73(1), 71–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1705247

Triansyah, F. A., Hejin, W., & Stefania, S. (2023). Factors affecting employee performance: A systematic review. Journal of Marketing and Finance, 1(3), 150–159.

Yuliyanti, L., Dewi, S. S., & Nugraha, H. (2020). The effect of career path on job satisfaction: A mediation analysis of employee motivation. Journal of Human Resource Development, 8(3), 234–245.

Zulfikar, H. (2024). Mapping employee talent for strategic position filling: The role of career path. International Journal of Organizational Management, 16(2), 112–130.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jamp.v13i1.84653