Petanque: Apa saja faktor fisik penentu prestasinya?

Yulingga Nanda Hanief; Ardhi Mardiyanto Indra Purnomo

doi:10.21831/jk.v7i2.26619

Petanque: Apa saja faktor fisik penentu prestasinya?

Yulingga Nanda Hanief, Jurusan Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan dan Rekreasi, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, Indonesia
Ardhi Mardiyanto Indra Purnomo, Jurusan Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan dan Rekreasi, Universitas Nusantara PGRI Kediri, Indonesia

10.21831/jk.v7i2.26619

Abstract

Petanque merupakan permainan dengan melempar bola besi (BOSI) sedekat mungkin pada sasaran berupa bola kayu (cochonnet). Permainan ini menuntut akurasi yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor fisik dominan penentu prestasi petanque. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi sekaligus sampel pada penelitian ini adalah semua atlet petanque Kota Kediri yang berjumlah 15 atlet dengan usia rata-rata 15 tahun. Teknik pengambilan data berupa tes dan pengukuran dengan item tes yaitu tinggi badan, panjang lengan, panjang telapak tangan, kekuatan otot lengan, kelentukan pergelangan tangan, keseimbangan, power otot lengan, kekuatan peras tangan, dan koordinasi mata-tangan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis konfirmatori dengan bantuan SPSS versi 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari sembilan variabel yang dianalisis terdapat enam indikator variabel yang menunjukkan sebagai faktor fisik dominan penentu prestasi petanque, antara lain tinggi badan, panjang lengan, kekuatan otot lengan, kelentukan pergelangan tangan, keseimbangan, dan koordinasi mata-tangan. Untuk mendapatkan hasil lemparan yang akurat, faktor fisik tersebut harus menjadi penekanan utama setiap pelatih ketika berurusan dengan atlet pemula.

Petanque: What are the physical factors that determine performance?

Abstract

Petanque is a game by throwing an iron ball (BOSI) as close as possible to the target in the form of a wooden ball (cochonnet). This game demands high accuracy. The purpose of this study was to determine the dominant physical factors determining petanque achievement. This research is a quantitative descriptive. The population as well as the sample in this study were all petanque athletes in the City of Kediri totaling 15 athletes with an average age of 15 years. Data collection techniques in the form of tests and measurements with test items namely height, arm length, palm length, arm muscle strength, wrist flexion, balance, arm muscle power, squeeze strength, and eye-hand coordination. The data analysis technique used explanatory analysis with the help of SPSS version 23. The results showed that of the nine variables analyzed there were six indicator variables that showed as dominant physical factors determining petanque achievement, including height, arm length, arm muscle strength, wrist flexion. , balance and eye-hand coordination. To get accurate toss results, these physical factors must be the main emphasis of every coach when dealing with novice athletes.

Keywords

kondisi fisik; antropometri; biomotor; petanque; physical condition; anthropometry; biomotor

Full Text:

FULLTEXT PDF

References

Agustina, A. T., & Priambodo, A. (2017). Hubungan antara tingkat konsentrasi terhadap hasil ketepatan shooting olahraga petanque pada peserta Unesa Petanque Club. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 5(3). Retrieved from https://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-pendidikan-jasmani/article/view/19598

Agustini, D. K., Nugraheni, W., & Maulana, F. (2018). Hubungan kekuatan otot lengan dan koordinasi mata tangan terhadap ketepatan shooting dalam olahraga pétanque di klub Kota Sukabumi tahun 2018. Universitas Muhammadiyah Sukabumi. Retrieved from http://eprints.ummi.ac.id/453/

Andrade, M. D. S., Fleury, A. M., de Lira, C. A. B., Dubas, J. P., & da Silva, A. C. (2010). Profile of isokinetic eccentric-to-concentric strength ratios of shoulder rotator muscles in elite female team handball players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(7), 743–749. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640411003645687

Andrade, M. S., de Carvalho Koffes, F., Benedito-Silva, A. A., da Silva, A. C., & de Lira, C. A. B. (2016). Effect of fatigue caused by a simulated handball game on ball throwing velocity, shoulder muscle strength and balance ratio: a prospective study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 8(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-016-0038-9

Bayios, I. A., Anastasopoulou, E. M., Sioudris, D. S., & Boudolos, K. D. (2001). Relationship between isokinetic strength of the internal and external shoulder rotators and ball velocity in team handball. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 41(2), 229–235. Retrieved from https://www.minervamedica.it/en/journals/sports-med-physical-fitness/article.php?cod=R40Y2001N02A0229

Hanief, Y. N., & Himawanto, W. (2017). Statistik pendidikan. Yogyakarta: Deepublish.

Hernández, J. G., & de los Fayos, E. J. G. (2009). Plan de entrenamiento psicológico en el deporte de la petanca: en búsqueda del rendimiento grupal óptimo. Revista de Psicología Del Deporte, 18(1), 87–104. Retrieved from https://www.rpd-online.com/article/view/6

Irawan, F. A., & Long-Ren, C. (2015a). Comprehensive pitching biomechanics and injury prevention for young baseball pitchers-a review. Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 21, 11–21.

Irawan, F. A., & Long-Ren, C. (2015b). Pitching biomechanics and injury prevention to improving performance for young baseball pitchers – A review. In 1st UNNES International Conference on Research Innovation & COmmercialization for Better Life. Semarang: Universitas Negeri Semarang.

Irawan, F. A., Permana, D. F. W., Akromawati, H. R., & Yang-Tian, H. (2019). Biomechanical analysis of concentration and coordination on the accuracy in petanque shooting. ACTIVE: Journal of Physical Education, Sport, Health and Recreation, 8(2), 96–100. https://doi.org/10.15294/active.v8i2.30467

Isknadar, T., Ridlo, A. F., & Oktaviana, Y. D. (2019). The effect of dumbbell swing exercise method to the arms muscle strength of petanque athletes. In 2nd International Conference on Sports Sciences and Health 2018 (2nd ICSSH 2018). Atlantis Press. Retrieved from https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icssh-18/55914054

Juhanis, J., B, B., & Nur, M. (2019). Pelatihan teknik dasar dan sosialisasi peraturan permaian olahraga Petanque pada mahasiswa FIK UNM Makassar. In Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Vol. 2018). Retrieved from https://ojs.unm.ac.id/semnaslpm/article/view/7816

Lagueny, A., Burbaud, P., Dubos, J. L., le Masson, G., Guelh, D., Macia, F., … Tison, F. (2002). Freezing of shoulder flexion impeding boule throwing: A form of task-specific focal dystonia in petanque players. Movement Disorders, 17(5), 1092–1095. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.10228

Laksana, G. B., Pramono, H., & Mukarromah, S. B. (2017). Perspektif olahraga petanque dalam mendukung prestasi olahraga jawa tengah. Journal of Physical Education and Sports, 6(1), 36–43. Retrieved from https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/jpes/article/view/17319

Loser, R., Piskoty, G., Al-Badri, A., Tuchschmid, M., Schmid, P., & Leemann, A. (2011). Investigation into the mechanisms leading to explosion of pétanque balls. Engineering Failure Analysis, 18(2), 633–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2010.09.029

Manjayati, E. S. A. (2018). Hubungan antara tinggi badan, keseimbangan, kelentukan otot punggung,koordinasi mata dan tangan, dwngan hasil ketepatan shooting olahraga petanque pada atlet klub petanque Kediri tahun 2017/2018. Jurnal Simki-Techsain, 2(2). Retrieved from http://simki.unpkediri.ac.id/detail/14.1.01.09.0055

Mudhalifa, M. (2018). Hubungan kekuatan otot lengan, koordinasi mata tangan dan keseimbangan terhadap hasil ketepatan shooting petanque pada atlet klub petanque Kediri 2017/2018. Jurnal Simki-Techsain, 2(4). Retrieved from http://simki.unpkediri.ac.id/detail/13.1.01.09.0108

Muladana, A. (2019). Perbedaan latihan shooting menggunakan penghalang dan tanpa penghalang terhadap peningkatan kemampuan shooting game atlet pemula petanque. Ikora, 8(2). Retrieved from http://journal.student.uny.ac.id/ojs/ojs/index.php/ikora/article/view/15092

Nicholson, K. F., Hulburt, T. C., Kimura, B. M., & Aguinaldo, A. (2019). Relationship between ground reaction force and throwing arm kinetics in high school and collegiate baseball pitchers. ISBS Proceedings Archive, 37(1), 316. Retrieved from https://commons.nmu.edu/isbs/vol37/iss1/77/

Okilanda, A., Arisman, A., Lestari, H., Lanos, M. E. C., Fajar, M., Putri, S. A. R., & Sugarwanto, S. (2018). Sosialisasi petanque sebagai olahraga masa kini. Bagimu Negeri: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.26638/jbn.638.8651

Pradana, S. W. K. C., & Nurkholis, N. (2019). Kontribusi tinggi badan, panjang lengan, keseimbangan, konsentrasi dan persepsi kinestetik terhadap ketepatan shooting pada olahraga petanque. Jurnal Prestasi Olahraga, 1(1). Retrieved from https://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-prestasi-olahraga/article/view/26919

Pyne, D. B., Duthie, G. M., Saunders, P. U., Petersen, C. A., & Portus, M. R. (2006). Anthropometric and strength correlates of fast bowling speed in junior and senior cricketers. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 20(3), 620. Retrieved from http://vuir.vu.edu.au/id/eprint/31989

Rizal, A. (2012). Kontribusi panjang lengan, kelentukan pergelangan tangan terhadap kemampuanpukulan dropshot bulutangkis mahasiswa FIK UNM Makassar. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan“ Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan Dan Rekreasi,” 3(3), 1–153.

Sinaga, F. S. G. (2019). Analysis biomechanics pointing dan shooting petanque pada atlet TC PON XX PAPUA. Sains Olahraga: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan, 3(2), 66–75.

Singh, K., & Singh, R. (2015). Relationship of selected anthropometric variables with the throwing distance of cricket ball in cricket. Academic Sports Scholars, 4(8), 1–6.

Souef, G. (2015). The winning trajectory. Copy Media.

Sudiadharma, S., & Suardi, S. (2019). Pelatihan teknik dasar dan pembuatan lapangan olahraga permainan petanque pada remaja Mesjid Nurul Huda di Kabupaten Takalar. In Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Vol. 2019). Retrieved from https://ojs.unm.ac.id/semnaslpm/article/view/11074

Suwanto, W., Kristiyanto, A., & Doewes, M. (2018). Development of petanque sport in Central Java Province. Journal of Education, Health and Sport, 8(11), 194–198. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1479007

Turkmen, M., Bozkus, T., & Altintas, A. (2013). The relationship between motivation orientations and competitive anxiety in Bocce players: Does gender make a difference. Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, 2(4), 162–168.

Turkmen, M., Ozkan, A., Bozkus, T., & Kul, M. (2018). Determination of some physical fitness and body composition characteristics of young bocce players in Turkish national team. Sport Mont, 16(1), 3–7. https://doi.org/10.26773/smj.180201

van den Tillaar, R., & Ettema, G. (2004). Effect of body size and gender in overarm throwing performance. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 91(4), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-003-1019-8

Widodo, W., & Hafidz, A. (2018). Kontribusi panjang lengan, koordinasi mata tangan, dan konsentrasi terhadap ketepatan shooting pada olahraga petanque. Jurnal Prestasi Olahraga, 3(1). Retrieved from https://jurnalmahasiswa.unesa.ac.id/index.php/jurnal-prestasi-olahraga/article/view/24070

Zapartidis, I., Skoufas, D., Vareltzis, I., Christodoulidis, T., Toganidis, T., & Kororos, P. (2009). Factors influencing ball throwing velocity in young female handball players. The Open Sports Medicine Journal, 3(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874387000903010039

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v7i2.26619