Email this article PATTERNS OF LANGUAGE USE AMONG MULTILINGUAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS MAJORING IN ENGLISH
Erna Andriyanti, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Paulus Kurnianta, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Titik Sudartinah, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Abstract
As a multilingual country, the Indonesian government has set the positions of local language, national language, and foreign language in education through Law of National Education System No.20 of 2003, Chapter VII, Article 33. Fifteen years passed and this paper seeks to find the results of the law in higher education students by investigating the patterns of language use of multilingual students in English Literature Study Program of FBS UNY. This is a descriptive study with parallel mixed method design. The data in this study were responses upon questions in the questionnaires distributed to respondents where the results were then analyzed quantitatively by using SPSS (17) and the results of interviews were analyzed qualitatively. The source of data in this study were 162 respondents who were students of English Literature study program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta year 2015-2017. The results show that at home, more than 60% of students use Javanese with intimacy and habit as motivating factors. As English Literature students, they are more exposed to media in Bahasa Indonesia. On the campus, English is only used for academic purposes, Bahasa Indonesia for communicating with lecturers while Javanese is for a casual talk with classmates. Javanese is close to traditional commerce while for the modern one, they prefer to use Bahasa Indonesia. For cognitive and mental activities, Bahasa Indonesia is the most dominant, and Javanese is used more than English. These results imply that rather than conforming to the law made by the government, contexts play a more important role in forming people’s language choices.
Keywords: multilingualism, local language, national language, foreign language, English Literature UNY
POLA PENGGUNAAN BAHASA MAHASISWA MULTILINGUAL JURUSAN BAHASA INGGRIS
Sebagai negara multibahasa, pemerintah Indonesia telah menetapkan posisi bahasa daerah, bahasa nasional, dan bahasa asing dalam pendidikan melalui Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional No.20 tahun 2003, Bab VII, Pasal 33. Lima belas tahun telah berlalu dan tulisan ini berupaya untuk menemukan penerapan hasil hukum tersebut pada mahasiswa dengan menyelidiki pola penggunaan bahasa mahasiswa multibahasa di Program Studi Sastra Inggris FBS UNY. Ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan metode campuran paralel. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah tanggapan mahasiswa terhadap pertanyaan dalam kuesioner yang hasilnya kemudian dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan SPSS (17) serta hasil wawancara yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah 162 responden yang merupakan mahasiswa program studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta angkatan tahun 2015-2017. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di rumah, lebih dari 60% mahasiswa menggunakan bahasa Jawa dengan keakraban dan kebiasaan sebagai faktor pendorongnya. Sebagai mahasiswa Sastra Inggris, mereka lebih terpapar media dalam Bahasa Indonesia. Di kampus, bahasa Inggris hanya digunakan untuk tujuan akademik, Bahasa Indonesia untuk berkomunikasi dengan dosen, dan bahasa Jawa untuk percakapan santai dengan teman. Bahasa Jawa sangat dekat dengan perdagangan tradisional, sedangkan untuk perdagangan modern, mereka lebih memilih untuk menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia. Untuk kegiatan kognitif dan mental, Bahasa Indonesia adalah yang paling dominan, dan bahasa Jawa digunakan lebih dari bahasa Inggris. Hasil ini menyiratkan bahwa alih-alih menyesuaikan ketentuan yang telah dibuat oleh pemerintah, konteks memainkan peranan yang lebih penting dalam membentuk pilihan bahasa penggunanya.
Kata kunci: multilingualisme, bahasa daerah, bahasa nasional, bahasa asing, Sastra Inggris UNY
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Andriyanti, E. (2016). Multilingualism of Hhigh School Students in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Language Shift and Maintenance Tesis S3. Sydney: Macquarie University.
Auer, P. (1995). The Pragmatics of Code-Switching: A Sequential Approach. In L. Milroy & P. Muysken (Eds.), One Speaker. Two Languages: Cross-disciplinary Perspectives on Code-switching (pp. 115-135). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bathia, T. K. (2006). Introduction. In T. K. Bathia & W. C. Ritchie (Eds.), The handbook of bilingualismBlackwell Handbooks in Linguistics (pp. 1-2). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Bhatia, T. K., & Ritchie, W. C. (2006). Introduction. In T. K. Bhatia & W. C. Ritchie (Eds.), The handbook of bilingualism (pp. 1-2). Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
Cenoz, J., & Gorter, D. (2011). Focus on Multilingualism: A Study of Trilingual Writing. The Modern Language Journal, 95(3), 356-369. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01206.x
Creswell, J.W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. California: SAGE Publications.
Dorian, N. C. (2006). Minority and Endangered Languages. In T. K. Bhatia & W. C. Ritchie (Eds.), The handbook of bilingualism (pp. 437-459). Malden: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Edwards, J. (2003). Multilingualism. London: Taylor and Francis.
Edwards, J. (2006). Foundations of Bilingualism. In T. K. Bathia & W. C. Ritchie (Eds.), The handbook of bilingualism (pp. 7-31). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Errington, J. J. (1998). Shifting Languages: Interaction and Identity in Javanese Indonesia. Cambridge: Press Syndicate of the University of Cambridge.
Fahy, J.K. (2014). Language and Executive Functions: Self-talk for Self-Regulation. Perspectives on language learning and education. 21(2):61. DOI: 10.1044/lle21.2.61
Franceschini, R. (2011). Multilingualism and Multicompetence: A Conceptual View. The Modern Language Journal, 95(3), 344-355. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-4781.2011.01202.x
Gerke, S. (2002). Global Lifestyles under Local Conditions: the New Indonesian Middle-Class. In B.-H. Chua (Ed.), Consumption in Asia: Lifestyle and identities (hal. 135-158). London and New York: Routledge.
Grosjean, F. (1985). The Bilingual as a Competent but Specific-Hearer. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 6(6), 466-477. doi: 10.1080/01434632.1985.9994221
Hense-Biber, S. N. (2010). Mixed Methods Research: Merging Theory with Practice. New York: The Guilford Press.
Lim, L. (2009). Beyond Fear and Loathing in SG: The Real Mother Tongues and Language Policies in Multilingual Singapore. AILA Review, 22(1), 52-71. doi: 10.1075/aila.22.05lim
Meyerhoff, M. (2006). Introducing Sociolinguistics (pp. 352). Retrieved from British Library Cataloging in Publication Data database
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., and Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methhods Sourcebook (3rd Ed.). California: SAGE Publications.
Romaine, S. (1994). Language in Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Romaine, S. (1995). Bilingualism (Second ed.). Oxford Blackwell.
Smith-Hefner, N. J. (2009). Language Shift, Gender, and Ideologies of Modernity in Central Java Indonesia. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 19(1), 55-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1548-1395.2009.01019.x
Spolsky, B. (2003). Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Undang-Undang Sistem Pendidikan National No.20 Tahun 2003
UNESCO. (1953). The Use of Vernacular Languages in Education. Monographs on Fundamental Education. Unesco. Paris. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0000/000028/002897eb.pdf
UNESCO. (2003). Language Vitality and Endangerment. Paper presented at The International Expert Meeting on UNESCO Programme Safeguarding of Endangered Languages Paris. www.unesco.org/culture/ich/doc/src/00120-EN.pdf
UNESCO. (2016). Mother Tongue Multilingual Education. Retrieved 27 June 2016, 2016, from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/education/themes/strengthening-education-systems/languages-in-education/multilingual-education/
Wei, L. (2008). Research Perspectives on Bilingualism and Multilingualism In L. Wei & M. G. Moyer (Eds.), The Blackwell Guide to Research Methods in Bilingualism and Multilingualism (pp. 3-17). Malden, MA: Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v19i2.27135
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
______________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Litera Journal is published by the Faculty of Languages, Arts, and Culture Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in collaboration with Himpunan Sarjana Kesusasteraan Indonesia (HISKI)
The International Journal of Linguistic, Literature, and Its Teaching at http://http://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/litera/ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
__________________________________________________________________________________________________